The Art of Pablo Picasso the African Period Pdf

Painting series by Pablo Picasso

Picasso's African Period, which lasted from 1906 to 1909, was the period when Pablo Picasso painted in a manner which was strongly influenced by African sculpture, particularly traditional African masks and art of ancient Egypt, in addition to not-African influences including Iberian sculpture, and the art of Paul Cézanne and El Greco. This proto-Cubist period following Picasso's Blue Period and Rose Menstruum has also been called the Negro Period,^[i] or Black Menses.^{[2] [iii]} Picasso collected and drew inspiration from African art during this catamenia, just also for many years after it. ^[4]

Context and catamenia [edit]

In the early 20th century, African artworks were being brought to Paris equally a consequence of the expansion of the French empire into Sub-Saharan Africa. The press was abuzz with exaggerated stories of cannibalism and exotic tales about the African kingdom of Dahomey. The mistreatment of Africans in the Belgian Congo was exposed in Joseph Conrad'southward popular volume Center of Darkness. It was perhaps due to this climate that Picasso and other artists began looking towards African fine art for inspiration. Picasso's involvement in African art was sparked partly by Henri Matisse who showed him a wooden Kongo-Vili figurine.^[5]

In May or June 1907, Picasso experienced a "revelation" while viewing African art at the ethnographic museum at the Palais du Trocadéro.^{[6] [seven]} Picasso'southward discovery of African art influenced aspects of his painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (completed in July of that year), especially in the handling of the faces of two figures on right side of the limerick. Although many mod art curators take attempted to friction match private African masks with the faces of these figures, the African masks used in these examples have not always been authentic, and the creative person took ideas from multiple works. ^[8]

Picasso connected to develop a way derived from African, Egyptian, and Iberian fine art during the years prior to the starting time of the analytic cubism stage of his painting in 1910. Other works of Picasso'due south African Period include the Bosom of a Woman (1907, in the National Gallery, Prague); Mother and Kid (Summer 1907, Musée Picasso, Paris); Nude with Raised Artillery (1907, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, Spain); and Three Women (Summer 1908, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg).

Controversy [edit]

In historical reflection, a few issues have been pointed out including questioning the origins of this genre of art for Picasso. Primitivism as an aesthetic was often used past Europeans borrowing from non-Western cultures.^[9] While it is clear Picasso was inspired heavily by aesthetics from cultures not his own, many art historians and critics have argued that this sort of borrowing was a modernist expression.^[ten]

Art historian Kobena Mercer covers Picasso's Demoiselles d'Avignon in his book on blackness diasporic art titled Travel and See. He argues Picasso'southward stylistic change towards an African inspired aesthetic was individualistic and mod while minority artists receive little to no recognition for their work inspired past their ain culture.^[11]

It could besides be seen every bit problematic that in Demoiselles d'Avignon the women painted wearing African-like masks are meant to be prostitutes from Barcelona's blood-red-light commune. Picasso masks these white bodies in club to make their sexualization acceptable to a European audience.^[12] Picasso himself though said virtually painting "It'southward not an aesthetic process; it'due south a form of magic that interposes itself betwixt us and the hostile universe, a means of seizing power by imposing a form on our terrors as well as on our desires." To him, these masks were a people's connection betwixt themselves and the hostile universe he wanted his art to confront. ^[xiii]

In February of 2006, an exhibition titled "Picasso and Africa" showcasing Picasso's work from his African period as well as many African sculptures similar to ones he would take been inspired by where shown side past side in Johannesburg, South Africa at the Standard Bank Gallery. A curator involved in the exhibition, Marylin Martin quoted to an commodity for the Guardian "Picasso never copied African art, which is why this show does not friction match a specific African work with a Picasso", the goal of the exhibition was not to accuse Picasso of stealing but to show how he transcended it and created a new aesthetic combining his own and his inspiration.^[14]

Prototype gallery [edit]

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  Pablo Picasso, 1907, Nu à la serviette, oil on canvas, 116 ten 89 cm

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  Pablo Picasso, 1907, Femme nue, oil on sail, 92 x 43 cm, Museo delle Culture, Milano

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  Pablo Picasso, 1907, Nu aux bras levés (Nude)

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  Pablo Picasso, 1907, Head of a Sleeping Woman (Study for Nude with Drapery), oil on sheet, 61.4 x 47.6 cm, The Museum of Modernistic Art, New York

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  Pablo Picasso, 1907-08, Vase of Flowers, oil on sheet, 92.ane ten 73 cm, Museum of Modern Art, New York

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  Pablo Picasso, 1908, Bols et flacons (Bullpen and Bowls), oil on canvas, 66 x 50.5 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint petersburg, Russia

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  Pablo Picasso, 1908, Dryad, oil on canvas, 185 x 108 cm, The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg

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  Pablo Picasso, 1908, Trois femmes (3 Women), oil on sheet, 200 10 185 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg

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  Pablo Picasso, 1908, Seated Woman (Meditation), oil on canvas, 150 ten 99 cm, Hermitage Museum, Leningrad

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  Pablo Picasso, 1908, Paysage aux deux figures (Landscape with Two Figures), oil on canvass, 60 x 73 cm, Musée Picasso, Paris

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  Pablo Picasso, 1909, Nature morte à la brioche

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  Pablo Picasso, 1909, Brick Factory at Tortosa (L'Usine, Horta de Ebro), oil on canvas, 50.seven x 60.two cm, The Land Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg

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  Pablo Picasso, 1909, Maisons à Horta (Houses on the Loma, Horta de Ebro), oil on canvas, 65 ten 81 cm, private drove

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  Pablo Picasso, 1909, Harlequin (L'Arlequin)

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  Pablo Picasso, 1909, Buste de femme (Femme en vert, Femme assise), oil on sail, 100.three ten 81.3 cm, Van Abbemuseum, Netherlands. This painting from the drove of Wilhelm Uhde was confiscated by the French state and sold at the Hôtel Drouot in 1921

Encounter too [edit]

• List of Picasso artworks 1901–1910

Notes [edit]

1. ^ Howells 2003, p. 66.
2. ^ Christopher Dark-green, 2009, Cubism, MoMA, Grove Art Online, Oxford University Press
3. ^ Douglas Cooper, The Cubist Epoch, London: Phaidon in clan with the Los Angeles County Museum of Fine art & the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1970. ISBN 0-87587-041-4
4. ^ Peter Stepan, Picasso'southward Collection of African & Oceanic Fine art: Masters of Metamorphosis, Munich: Presel, 2006.
5. ^ Matisse may have purchased this piece from Emile Heymann's store of non-western artworks in Paris, come across PabloPicasso.org.
6. ^ Picasso, Rubin, and Fluegel 1980, p. 87.
7. ^ The artists and writers close to him long claimed this visit to the museum took place later, maybe even after the painting was completed.^{[ citation needed ]}
8. ^ Joshua I. Cohen, "Picasso's African Influences," in The "Black Art" Renaissance: African Sculpture and Modernism across Continents, Oakland: University of California Press, 2020.
9. ^ "Centre Investigador en Art Primitiu i Primitivisme (UPF)".
10. ^ Burgard, Timothy Anglin (1991). "Picasso and Cribbing". The Art Bulletin. 73 (3): 479–494. doi:ten.2307/3045817. JSTOR 3045817.
11. ^ Mercer, Kobena (2016). Travel and See. Durham and London: Duke University Printing. p. 236.
12. ^ "Pablo Picasso. Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. Paris, June-July 1907 | MoMA".
13. ^ Meldrum, Andrew (15 March 2006). "Andrew Meldrum: How much did Picasso's paintings borrow from African fine art?". The Guardian.
14. ^ Meldrum, Andrew (15 March 2006). "Andrew Meldrum: How much did Picasso's paintings borrow from African art?". The Guardian.

References [edit]

• Barr, Alfred, H, Jr. Picasso: L Years of His Art (1946)
• Richardson John. A Life of Picasso. The Prodigy, 1881-1906. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991. ISBN 978-0-307-26666-viii
• Richardson, John. A Life of Picasso, The Cubist Insubordinate 1907-1916. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991. ISBN 978-0-307-26665-1
• Picasso, P., Rubin, W. S., & Fluegel, J. Pablo Picasso, a retrospective. New York: Museum of Mod Art, 1980. ISBN 0-87070-528-eight
• Rubin, W. S. "Primitivism" in 20th Century Fine art: Affinity of the Tribal and the Modern. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1984. ISBN 0-87070-534-2
• Howells, R. Visual Culture. Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. ISBN 0-7456-2412-X

^{[1] [two] [3] [iv] [five]}

1. ^ Mercer, Kobena. Travel and See: Black Diaspora Art Practices since the 1980s. Knuckles Academy Press, 2016.
2. ^ Meldrum, Andrew. "Andrew Meldrum: How Much Did Picasso'southward Paintings Borrow from African Fine art?" The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 15 Mar. 2006, www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2006/mar/fifteen/art.
3. ^ Picasso, Pablo. "Pablo Picasso. Les Demoiselles D'Avignon. Paris, June-July 1907: MoMA." The Museum of Modern Art, www.moma.org/collection/works/79766.
4. ^ "Eye Investigador En Art Primitiu i Primitivisme." Centre Investigador En Art Primitiu i Primitivisme (UPF), www.upf.edu/en/spider web/ciap/inici.
5. ^ Burgard, Timothy Anglin. "Picasso and Appropriation." The Art Message, vol. 73, no. 3, 1991, pp. 479–494. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3045817. Accessed six May 2020.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picasso%27s_African_Period

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